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What is a Beam? Beam Definition: What is a Beam? A beam, in Structural Engineering terms, is a member that can be comprised of a number of materials (including steel, wood aluminum) to withstand loads – typically applied laterally to the beam axis. Beams can also be referred to members, elements, rafters, shafts or purling. An example of a  Simply Supported Beam  with a Distributed Load Source:  SkyCiv Beam A beam can exist within a frame, a truss or on its own as its own structure. SkyCiv also has some write ups of each of the different types of beams, including  cantilever beam , or  continuous beam . A 3D Rendering of an I-Beam Source:  SkyCiv Beam Beam Shapes Beams can come in a wide range of shapes that have different applications and strength purposes. Some common shapes are i beams (as shown in the 3D renderer above), T-beams, channel sections, rectangular, hollow rectangular and pipes. Regardless of the shape, they are all considered beams. In analy...

  How Connection Was Made Between Column And Brick Wall

  Basic Components Of A Building 1- SUB-STRUCTURE It is the Basic Components Of A Building You Should Know of a building situated underneath the surrounding ground. 2- SUPERSTRUCTURE The portion which is situated above the ground level is called superstructure. The components of a building can be further classified as under 1- FOUNDATION Foundation is the lowest part of a structure below the ground level which transfers all the loads (dead load, live load etc) to the soil. 2- PLINTH The Portion of a building between the ground surrounding the building and the top floor just above the ground is termed as plinth. Plinth is provided to prevent the surface water from entering the building. building. 3- DPC DPC or damp proof course is a layer of waterproofing materials like asphalt, bitumen, waterproof cement etc on which the walls are constructed. 4- WALLS Walls are the vertical members on which the roof finally rests. Walls are provided to divide the floor space in the desired pattern...

  Modern Surveying Basic control surveys Geodetic  surveys involve such extensive areas that allowance must be made for the Earth’s curvature. Baseline measurements for classical triangulation (the basic survey method that consists of accurately measuring a base line and computing other locations by angle measurement) are therefore reduced to  sea-level  length to start computations, and corrections are made for spherical excess in the angular determinations. Geodetic operations are classified into four “orders,” according to accuracy, the first-order surveys having the smallest permissible error. Primary triangulation is performed under rigid specifications to assure first-order accuracy. Efforts are now under way to extend and tie together existing continental networks by  satellite triangulation so as to  facilitate  the adjustment of all major geodetic surveys into a single world datum and determine the size and shape of the Earth spheroid with muc...

  Surveying  civil engineering Surveying , a means of making relatively large-scale, accurate measurements of the Earth’s surfaces. It includes the determination of the  measurement  data, the reduction and interpretation of the data to usable form, and, conversely, the establishment of relative position and size according to given measurement requirements. Thus, surveying has two similar but opposite functions: (1) the determination of existing relative horizontal and vertical position, such as that used for the process of  mapping , and (2) the establishment of marks to control  construction  or to indicate land boundaries. Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human  environment  for so many centuries that its importance is often forgotten. It is an  imperative  requirement in the planning and execution of nearly every form of construction. Surveying was essential at the dawn of history, and some of th...